限时进食对恶性肿瘤的潜在防治作用

间歇性禁食是一种新的饮食干预策略,其可能改善恶性肿瘤治疗的疗效并减少并发症。 限时进食是间歇性禁食的 一种特殊形式,通常仅限制每天的进食时间窗而不限制热量,除了和其他间歇性禁食手段一样能够控制体重并改善代谢紊乱 以外,限时进食还能调节昼夜节律并影响自噬水平,具有潜在的抗衰作用,相关研究已经表明了它预防肿瘤发生以及减缓肿 瘤发展的潜力。 同时,由于实施方案便利、不良反应轻微,限时进食有着不错的依从性及安全性,有可能成为一种适合肿瘤患 者长期实施的辅助治疗方案乃至健康生活方式。 本文从改善肥胖和代谢紊乱、调节昼夜节律和自噬水平以及目前与肿瘤相 关的研究进展这三个方面阐述了限时进食对恶性肿瘤的潜在作用,旨在为将来的相关研究提供理论依据和探索方向,探讨限 时进食作为一种营养干预手段对恶性肿瘤发生的潜在预防作用以及对恶性肿瘤的治疗或辅助治疗作用,以期可以完善对肿 瘤患者的营养干预策略,改善患者的生活质量及预后。     

Resiniferatoxin reduces cardiac sympathetic nerve activation to exert a cardioprotective effect during myocardial infarction

Background and objective: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common critical disease of the cardiovascular system. The process of MI is often accompanied by the excessive activation of cardiac sympathetic nerves, which leads to arrhythmia. Resiniferatoxin (RTX) is a transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), involved in the cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex. However, whether RTX can reduce the occurrence of arrhythmia and exert a cardioprotective effect by inhibiting the sympathetic reflex during MI is still unknown. Methods: The left anterior descending artery of cardiac was clamped to construct a model of MI. RTX (50 μg/ml) was used by epicardial application in MI rats. Ventricular electrophysiologic properties were continuously monitored by a body surface ECG. Yrosine hydroxylase (TH) and growth associated protein 43 (GAP43) were detected by Immunofluorescence staining. Connexin43 and transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 (TGF-β1) were detected by western blot. Norepinephrine (NE) and BNP levels in blood and tissue were determined by ELISA. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography. Results: The ERP, APD90, QRS, QT and the Tend-Tpeak intervals in MI rats were all prolonged, but decreased after RTX treatment (n = 3, P<0.05). In contrast, the RR interval was shortened in the MI group, but prolonged in the MI+RTX group (n = 3, P<0.05). RTX treatment significantly reduced ventricular arrhythmias after MI. TH- and GAP43-positive nerve densities and TGF-β1, and cx-43 protein expression were up-regulated in the MI group compared to the sham group, and they were decreased in the MI+RTX group compared to the MI group (n = 3, P<0.05). RTX can decrease serum and tissue NE and BNP levels (n = 3, P<0.05). RTX pretreatment significantly decreased heart rate, HW/BW ratio and LVIDS, and increased LVEF andLVFS values (n = 3, P<0.05). Conclusion: RTX improved cardiac dysfunction, ventricular electrophysiologic properties, and sympathetic nerve remodeling in rats with MI by inhibiting the excessive cardiac sympathetic drive.     

Advancement of chimeric antigen receptor-natural killer cells targeting hepatocellular carcinoma

With the advance of genome engineering technology, chimeric antigen receptors (CARs)-based immunotherapy has become an emerging therapeutic strategy for tumors. Although initially designed for T cells in tumor immunotherapy, CARs have been exploited to modify the function of natural killer (NK) cells against a variety of tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). CAR-NK cells have the potential to sufficiently kill tumor antigen-expressing HCC cells, independent of major histocompatibility complex matching or prior priming. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in genetic engineering of CAR-NK cells against HCC and discuss the current challenges and prospects of CAR-NK cells as a revolutionary cellular immunotherapy against HCC.     

Associations Between Fundus Types and Clinical Manifestations in Patients with RDH12 Gene Mutations

Brain Topography - To study the associations between RDH12 gene mutations, fundus types, and clinical manifestations. In total, 46 patients with inherited eye diseases caused by RDH12 gene...     

急性脑卒中患者入院时迁移应激的现象学研究

目的 了解急性脑卒中患者入院时迁移应激的感受。方法 采用现象学研究方法,对15例急性脑卒中患者进行访谈。结果 急性脑卒中患者入院时存在迁移应激,入院前感受表现出思绪与行为紊乱,不信任感;入院时体验为解决问题的迫切感、危机隐患（高度关注环境改变、过分关注医疗仪器噪音）、角色行为冲突及寻求关注与支持（渴望获得家庭支持、对恢复健康的需求增加）。结论 急性脑卒中患者入院时普遍存在迁移应激症状,且症状表现多为负性体验,医护人员应协助患者加强家庭支持,降低危机隐患,提高急性脑卒中患者的自我应对能力及身心健康。     

Survival among Breast Cancer Patients: Comparison of the U.S. Military Health System with the Surveillance,Epidemiology and End Results Program

IntroductionAccessibility to health care is important to cancer survival. The U.S. military health system (MHS) provides universal health care access. However, whether the universal care has been translated into improved cancer survival is unknown. We compared survival of patients with breast cancer in the MHS with that in the U.S. general population and assessed the differences in cancer stage at diagnosis and treatment receipt between the two populations.MethodsThe MHS patients (n = 31,548) were identified from the Department of Defense's (DoD) Automated Central Tumor Registry (ACTUR). Patients in the U.S. general population (n = 63,096) were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program. The two populations were matched on age, race, and diagnosis year. Multivariable Cox regression hazard modeling was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) comparing ACTUR with SEER. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) comparing stage and treatment receipt.ResultsACTUR patients exhibited a 24% lower overall mortality than the SEER patients (HR = 0.76, 95% CI, 0.71-0.80). They were less likely to present with later stage compared to the SEER patients (OR = 0.61, 95% CI, 0.55-0.67 for stage IV tumors). The ACTUR patients with stages I-III tumors were more likely to receive surgery (OR = 1.35, 95% CI, 1.20-1.52) but less likely to receive radiation (OR = 0.91, 95% CI, 0.88-0.94). The survival advantage of ACTUR patients remained regardless of surgery or radiation receipt.ConclusionsBreast cancer patients with universal health care access had improved survival compared to patients in the general population.